With eZ Publish you can have multiple location content. Criterions do not relate to others criterion you can use the Public API and Criterion to search this content, it can lead to a comportement you are not expecting.
Example of Criterions not relating to each other:
There is a Content with two Locations: Location A and Location B
- Location A is visible
- Location B is hidden
Searching with LocationId criterion with Location B id and Visibility criterion with Visibility::VISIBLE will return the Content because conditions are satisfied:
- Content has Location B
- Content is visible (it has Location A that is visible)